... Greece isn’t leaving the euro; there will be no Grexit.
Nobody’s going to get kicked out or quit.
Now that doesn’t mean everything’s fine in Greece. They could have bail-ins, nationalizations, bond defaults and a lot of economic disruption around the country. None of that is the same as Greece leaving the euro, however. I’m confident in my assessment because this isn’t solely an economic issue; it’s also political. ...
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Going back to game theory, assume Greece quits the euro. The country defaults on its debts. That means they go back to the drachma. What happens then?
Hyperinflation.
Nobody in the world wants drachma so their foreign direct investment’s going to dry up too. They’re not going to be able to finance anything. They will be able to print money. That’s all they’ll be able to do. That means hyperinflation, which destroys Greek pensions.
So, when the Greek government says they’ll play hardball with Europe to preserve Greek pensions, remember their alternative is: go back to the drachma and destroy the pensions anyway.
Greece wants to play hardball, but it knows if it leaves the euro it’s a disaster. Europe knows it will also be a disaster if the kick Greece out of the euro. It’s not that Europe cares about Greece or vice versa, but that they each care about themselves. That’s what drives a negotiation forward.
In a game theoretic space, this is what’s called a two party prisoner’s dilemma. A prisoner’s dilemma is a game theory approach where you have two people under interrogation.
If you rat out the other guy, you win. But if he rats you out, he wins. And if you both rat each other out, you both lose. But if you both keep your mouth shut, you both win. The caveat is, you don’t know what the other guy’s doing.
So, in a prisoner’s dilemma, you have to not only think about what you want to do, but about what is the other player is going to do. The way out of the dilemma is to assume that everybody’s rational.
Both sides respectively understand that a Grexit will cost them. It will cost them more if this doesn’t work out than if they go forward.
This will get resolved, in my view. But six months from now or a year from now, we could be at it again. I could be writing to you about the same dynamics at work. Any resolution is just buying time in hopes the economy grows. That’s a separate, bigger-term, structural issue that’s not going away.
But, in the short run, I do expect Greece and Europe to reach an agreement.
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